Solution and Transport of Water in Oxides
Rüdiger Dieckmann
Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
Cornell University, Bard Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-1501, U.S.A.
Abstract
First, the
dissolution of water into different types of oxides is discussed, including the
influence of the water pressure and the oxygen activity. Then the transport of
water, i.e., of hydrogen-containing species, in such oxides and its dependence
on the water pressure and the oxygen activity is analyzed. Hydrogen-containing
species of relevance in this context are water molecules, protons and OH
groups. Crystalline and amorphous oxides are considered. Following these more
general discussions, some specific experimental observations on the solution
and the transport of water and hydrogen-related species in oxides are reviewed
and discussed. These observations were made by members of different scientific
communities, i.e., by earth scientists, glass scientists, solid state
electrochemists, etc. Finally, a few possible consequences of the observations
made and of conclusions drawn from them for the high temperature oxidation of
alloys in water-containing atmospheres are discussed..
Materials at High Temperatures, 22
(1-2) [2005] 93-103.